Abstract
This paper addresses a two-echelon vehicle routing problem involving electric vehicles considering time windows and battery swapping stations (2E-EVRPTW-BSS), which aims at determining the delivery strategy under battery driving range and time windows for city logistics. Unilateral time windows and time windows are considered to guarantee the timeliness of transportation. The electric vehicles (EVs) operating at the 2nd-echelon have battery swapping costs. A mathematical model is constructed to formulate the problem in which the total of shipping cost, handling cost, battery swapping costs, fixed cost of vehicles, and penalty cost due to tardiness is minimized. Numerical experiments with 14 randomly-generated instances have been conducted to demonstrate the effective of the model.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 012071 |
| Journal | Journal of Physics: Conference Series |
| Volume | 1324 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 14 Oct 2019 |
| Event | 2nd International Conference on Physics, Mathematics and Statistics, ICPMS 2019 - Hangzhou, China Duration: 22 May 2019 → 24 May 2019 |
UN SDGs
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
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