A study on Kafka's novels from the perspectives of religious ethics and literary ethics

Religious ethics aims to study the relations of religious ethics and its basic tenets, such as ethical testaments, instructions, laws as well as the ethical sins that people commit due to the violation of these rules. Religious ethics has much in common with literary ethics advocated by Professor Nie Zhenzhao, especially when it is used to study literature. Kafka's fiction is highly characterized with the religious ethics and literary ethics. The desertion of Judaism made Kafka a lonely man in the world. It was this desertion of God and his lonely living condition that made Kafka more concerned than his contemporaries with the mood of loneliness, fear and despair felt by the modern westerners after the death of God. Therefore, in Kafka's novels, the protagonists are more eager to look for man's lost spiritual home. To Kafka, the fundamental reason that modern westerners suffer from loneliness, fear and vagrancy lies in that they have disobeyed the ethical testaments of the God and committed the ethical original sins represented by adultery and the desertion of God.