A new additive for preparing uniform small pyramid texture for N-type HJT solar cells

The pyramided texture processed by wet chemical etching on a silicon wafer can improve the light capture ability of the silicon substrates, thus improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells. The characteristics of the texture mainly depend on the size and spatial uniformity of the pyramids on the wafer. A new type of environmentally friendly chemical additive with low process temperature is introduced. Its main active ingredient, disodium D-glucarate, can regulate the size of the pyramids and promote the uniform their uniform distribution on a silicon wafer. Pyramids of different sizes and uniformity were prepared by this additive, and the surface reflectivity reached 9.19%, while the minority carrier lifetime of the passivated silicon substrate reached 5558 μs. Finally, the PCE, fill factor, short-circuit current density, and open circuit voltage of the N-type hetero-junction with intrinsic thin layer solar cells prepared according to the standardized production process reached 25.38%, 85.85%, 41.52 mA/cm², and 741 mV, respectively.