A general design-oriented resilience measurement and evaluation method for engineering systems: Resilience cube

Resilience is an important property in many engineering systems that may be exposed to shocks. Existing resilience measures primarily focus on changes in system performance during the process of disturbance and recovery. These measures, however, do not directly relate to the composition of a system, which limits the improvement of resilience design. Furthermore, they are also still inadequate in the face of many special situation, such as multi-mode/wave shocks. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel resilience measurement that can be applied to various stage and complex scenarios. First, the concept of the path set is extended to extended path set space (EPSS) to establish the relationship between system design attributes and resilience. Then, resilience cube is defined to measure the system resilience based on EPSS. The measurement represents the properties of the system state itself, including the structure and composition, regardless of the shocks to which the system is exposed. The generality characteristics of the resilience cube are analyzed through different system composition and scenarios. A simulation method of resilience cubes is given for system design with random factors. Finally, the resilience of a maritime unmanned combat system (MUCS) is studied and the superiority of the proposed measurement is proven.