飞机结构疲劳与结构完整性发展综述

As the main factor affecting the safety of structures, the structural design and strength analysis of aircraft has developed from static strength design to safety-life design and damage-tolerance design, and further to the durability concept and aircraft structural integrity, during which the design and technique philosophies keep improving and undergo qualitative changes. However, the present understanding towards structural integrity in engineering practice is limited to the level of product development and testing, hindering its significance at a further level. This paper first introduces the development of aircraft structural design from static strength design to structural integrity design, the basic concept of aircraft structural integrity, and the main contents and key points of Aircraft Structural Integrity Program (ASIP). Moreover, the promotional transition from the traditional specification for analysis and testing within the design phase to the present one for process control and management within the whole product lifecycle is addressed by elucidating the "Five Tasks". Finally, two typical successful ASIP applications involving the design, verification and maintenance of aircraft structural integrity are presented as examples. Through the basic concepts and development of the main design philosophies, this paper shows the qualitative change of aircraft structural safety strategies from limited application within the design and development phase to thorough application for process control within the full lifecycle, and points out the trend that structural integrity philosophies are developing from experiment-based systematic approaches to digital ones.