近 红 外 脑 功 能 成 像 技 术 发 展 及 应 用趋势

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), as an emerging non-invasive neuroimaging technology, provides a vital technical platform for high-resolution brain observation in naturalistic conditions owing to its excellent portability, robustness against motion/electromagnetic interference, and favorable balance between temporal and spatial resolution. In recent years, China has witnessed vigorous growth in fNIRS-related scientific research and industrial development, marked by the successful development of high-end equipment with independent intellectual property rights, which gradually breaks foreign technological monopolies, and by the active promotion of its widespread clinical applications. This paper comprehensively reviews the current state of fNIRS development from both technical and application perspectives, analyzes current challenges, and outlines future trends. Furthermore, it proposes constructive recommendations focusing on equipment upgrades, standardization initiatives, optical brain-computer interfaces, and cultivating interdisciplinary talent. This aims to provide strategic insights for advancing the deep integration of fNIRS into brain science research and clinical translation in China.