数字孪生标准体系

As an important enabling technology to realize the digital transformation and service development for the society, Digital Twin (DT) is drawing great attention from both academia and industry, especially in terms of its applications. However, in the process of theoretical and application research on DT, without the assist of DT general and fundamental standards such as technical terms, definitions, reference architecture, etc., which make users have different understandings to DT. Besides, the lack of DT technology standards leads to problems such as difficult integration among DT models and data, and poor consistency between cyber and physical space. What's more, without the guidance and reference of DT applicable standards and DT tool/platform standards, users and enterprises don't know how to apply DT to meet their requirements, which leads to barriers among users, developers and third parties. Therefore, DT standards are urgently required. The requirements of DT standards were analyzed from three aspects, including the understanding to DT, the implementation of DT key technologies and DT industry applications. Based on the five-dimension DT model proposed by the authors previously, a DT standard system was established, which was established together by universities, related Technical Committee (TC) of Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China (SAC), and big application enterprises in the field of machine tool, satellite, aerospace, engineering equipment, advanced manufacturing, home appliance industry, etc. The established DT standard system consisted of six parts, including fundamental standards, technology standards, tool/platform standards, test and evaluation standards, safety/security standards, and application standards. It could provide guidance for DT application.