基于ISD结构的起落架缓冲器落震性能研究

The inerter, as a novel passive structural control element, is introduced into the aircraft landing-gear oleo-pneumatic shock-absorption system, which can enhance drop-impact buffering performance and expand the structural design space without significantly increasing the system mass. Based on the ISD (inerter-spring-damper) structure theory, dynamic models of three buffering configurations, namely SD (spring-damper), ISD1 (parallel inerter), and ISD2 (series inerter), were established. Numerical simulations and parameter optimization were completed in MATLAB, and a systematic comparison was conducted in terms of peak load, maximum stroke, and shock-absorption efficiency. The results show that, under the stroke constraint, the ISD1 configuration can simultaneously reduce the peak load and improve the shock-absorption efficiency, whereas the performance gain of the ISD2 configuration is limited and it requires higher inertance and damping parameters. Based on force decomposition and instantaneous power analysis, the energy-improvement mechanism of the inerter is clarified: in the ISD1 configuration, the inerter branch absorbs and temporarily stores the impact energy during the early compression stage, and releases it with feedback in the mid-to-late stage, realizing time-domain redistribution of the impact energy, thereby producing a " peak-shaving and valley-filling" load response and reducing the system' s reliance on high damping energy dissipation; in the ISD2 configuration, constrained by the series same-force coupling, the energy storage and feedback effects of the inerter branch are difficult to be fully exploited, resulting in limited overall benefit. Furthermore, a Simcenter 3D-AMESim co-simulation model is developed to perform dynamics - hydraulics coupled simulation, and its results are consistent with the MATLAB simulations in terms of load-response trends and energy-distribution characteristics, verifying the reliability of the conclusions.