共享停车系统的泊位供给与运营成本优化研究

To improve the effectiveness of the shared parking policy and maximize the expected benefit of the shared parking system, this study attempts to optimize the number of shared parking lots and operation cost while taking into account the parking demand uncertainty and the introduction of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs). Specifically, the implementation conditions of the shared parking policy and the existence conditions of the optimal operation cost are revealed. The results show that the proposed model of expected benefit maximization has a unique solution with an optimal number of shared parking lots and an optimal operation cost. Moreover, the precondition for the implementation of the shared parking policy is that the revenue of the shared parking system must be greater than its total loss (i.e., the sum of general loss and management loss). Additionally, the necessary condition for the existence of the optimal operation cost is that the upper bound of the maximal shared parking demand must be larger than its threshold value. Finally, there is a critical value of CAVs proportion under certain conditions, and the threshold value of the upper bound of the maximal shared parking demand increases (decreases) with the CAVs proportion when the CAVs proportion is smaller (larger) than the critical value.