仿生微纳米纤维黏附材料

Biological materials that are unified in function and structure in the natural world are the inspirations source of innovation for human society. Among the numerous biological materials with excellent performance, biological micro-nano fibers with unique adhesion properties have always been one of the hotspots in the fields of bionics research. The adhesion of biological micro-nano fibers is a peculiar phenomenon in nature. Numerous biological fibrous materials with special adhesion properties and functions play an important role in biological movement, defense, prey capture and other aspects. The adhesion of biological micro-nano fibers mainly includes adhesion on fiber tip, like gecko foot seta tip, and adhesion on fiber surface, like spider silk surface. It is found that such adhesion mainly comes from the special micro-nano structures and surface properties of micro-nano fibers. Inspired by the adhesive biological fibers, many excellent artificial micro-nano fibrous adhesion materials have been designed and developed. Micro-nano fibrous adhesion materials have a wide variety of practical applications in dry adhesive, high efficiency water capturing, air filtration and other fields. In this paper, the recent researches on adhesion mechanism of biological micro-nano fibers and the corresponding bioinspired materials are introduced, with a focus on gecko foot seta and spider silk. Meanwhile, the future development trend of this field is also proposed.